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省略句的基本情况总结
省略句的基本情况分为如下三个方面:
1.为防止重复而进行的省略。
当一个句子中有两个或更多雷同的词、短语出现时,其中的第一个须保存,其它的常常省略,以到达防止重复、使句子精练的目标。高考中尤为要注重的情形是:当时候状语从句、所在状语从句、体例状语从句、妥协状语从句、前提状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语同等并含有be时,常常将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。例如: He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打篮球时受了伤。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他固然身材还很衰弱,但他特别很是高兴地工作。
2.语法上的省略。
有些成份的省略是出于语法上的缘故——使表述更加简明,例如: He got up at six (o’clock).他六点钟起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二岁。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。
3.风俗用法上的省略。
有些省略句的情形是出于风俗用法,尤其是在口语中。例如,在问句中be往往省略,偶然连主语一块儿省略: Very easy?很简单吗?// Feeling unwell?感觉不舒服吗?
又如以what, how或why开头的某些问句: What (happened) next?下面要产生甚么?// Why not?为何不?// Why so?为何如许?
备考高考必要重点理解“为防止重复而进行的省略”这1情形。
[考题一] He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. (2007北京)
A. any B. some C. few D. many
[谜底] C
[剖析]下划线处以前的but决定了只能选择拥有否定含意的选项C。题干中的“few good ones”为省略句情势,单独看起来欠好理解,应联络上文理解为“He has made few good films.”
[考题二] ____ and I’ll get the work finished. (2006重庆)
A. Have one more hour B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
[谜底] B
[剖析]示意时候的名词one more hour在这里相当于祈使句“Give me one more hour.”,与and后面的陈述句并列,示意时候的名词常常可以以单独涌现的省略情势示意一个祈使句的含意。
[考题三] After he became conscious, he remembered ____ and ____ on the head with a rod. (2006江西)
A. to attack; hit B. to be attacked; to be hit
C. attacking; be hit D. having been attacked; hit
[谜底] D
[剖析]示意他苏醒以后回忆起过去产生的情形,应选用动名词的情势而不是不定式的情势,先清扫选项A和B;因为主语是被打击,应示意出被动语态,进一步清扫C而选出D。D选项中的hit前省略了与其并列的宾语之中雷同的“having been”。
[考题四] The police found that the house ____ and a lot of things ____.(1990)
A. has broken into; has been stolen
B. had broken into; had been stolen
C. has been broken into; stolen
D. had been broken into; stolen
[谜底] D
[剖析] 主句谓语动词found后有两个并列的宾语从句, 两个宾语从句中的主语the house和a lot of things都是物, 两个宾语从句中的谓语动词都应采纳过去完成时的被动语态情势来示意在警方发现以前已经完成的被动动作, 四个选项中前半部份采纳了过去完成时的被动语态情势的只有选项D, 因而应选D。本题第二个下划线处采纳了stolen的情势, 这属于为防止重复而省略的情势, 省略了与前1宾语从句雷同的成份had been。
[考题五] One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ____. (2000北京、安徽春)
A. the other is white B. another white
C. the other white D. another is white
[谜底] C
[剖析]特指木板的另外一侧应利用定冠词the,因而起首要清扫示意泛指意义的选项B和D;又由于A选项不能示意出与前面分句同等的被动动作,因而选C。本题下划线处采纳了the other white的情势,这属于为防止重复而利用的省略句,其完全情势为“the other side of the board should be painted white”。
[考题六] The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it. (2002)
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
[谜底] D
[剖析] once后省略了it(指前面刚被说起的the research) is,下划线示意一个“(钻研)被入手下手,被启动”的被动动作,应当采纳过去分词的情势,因而本题选D。注重:本题题干中省略的it(the research) is是顺承上文而天然进行的省略,被省略后仍可以很明白地掌控它的意思,而且使得全部句子更加精练。
[考题七] He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ____ a native speaker. (2004上海)
A. as fluent as B. more fluent than
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
[谜底] C
[剖析] but在本题中作并列连词毗邻两个分句, 后1分句属于省略句, 为了防止重复而省略了主句中的主语he和对比状语从句中的谓语speaks English,, 由此可以看出题干中是在对he和a native speaker说英语的闇练水平进行对比。说英语的闇练水平应选用副词fluently, 以是起首清扫选项A、 B; much fluently than中than前面没有涌现fluently的比较级的情势, 应进一步清扫选项D而选出C。
[考题八] No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东)
A. performed B. performing
C. to be performed D. being performed
[谜底] A
[剖析]题干中妥协状语从句的原型为no matter how frequently they are performed(不管这些作品是若何常常地被演出),其中的they are可以省略。
[考题九] The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ____ every day. (2007四川)
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
[谜底] A
[剖析]前提状语从句的主语是被省略失落的与主句主语雷同的the flowers,因为下划线要示意“(花)被浇水”的被动动作,因而只能选示意被动动作的选项A, watered以前可以加之被省略的they are。
本章补充强化练习题
1. — Are there any English story books for us students in the library?
— There are only a few, ____.
A. if any B. if there C. if some D. if has
2. — Would you like to go with us?
— Yes, ____.
A. I’d B. I’d like C. I’d like to D. I’d like to do
3. — Would you like to have a try once again?
— ____.
A. Yes, I like B. No, I don’t like it
C. Yes, I want very much D. Yes, I’d like to
4. — What do you think made Mary so upset?
— ____ her bicycle.
A. As she lost B. Lost
C. Losing D. Because of losing
5. — When did they get down to the job?
— ____.
A. Until they left B. Till they arrived
C. Since they finished it D. Not until they turned to me
6. — Are you angry?
— Yes. He should at least answer when ____.
A. speaking B. spoken to C. spoken D. speaking to
本章补充强化练习题参考答案
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B
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